Ubuntu Terminal Commands

The Useful Ubuntu Commands:

• cd - Change Directory
• date- Date
• cal- Calender

Command For Files And Text

• cp - Copy
•  ls - List
•  mkdir - Make Directory
•  mv - Move
•  rm - Remove
•  grep - Search for Text Strings
•  head - Display Start of File
•  less - Display Part of File
•  more - Display Part of File
•  tail - View the End of a File

Command privileges

•     sudo command - run command as root
•     passwd – change your password
•     sudo su – root shell open
•     sudo su user – open shell as a user
•     sudo -k – forget your password sudo
•     gksudo command – sudo visual dialog (GNOME)
•     sudo visudo – edit / etc / sudoers
•     gksudo nautilus – root file manager (GNOME)

 Command For Users and Groups

•  groupadd - Add a Group
•  groupmod - Modify a Group
•  chgrp - Change Group
•  groupdel - Delete Group

Command For Network

•   ifconfig - Configure Network Devices
•    iwconfig – Displays Information From Wireless
•    sudo iwlist scan – Scan Wireless Networks
•    sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart – Reset the network
•    (file) /etc/network/interfaces – Manual Configuration
•    ifup interface – Bring Online Interface
•    ifdown interface – Disable Interface 
•    chkconfig - Check Activated Services
•    ping - Test Network Connections
•    ftp - File Transfer Protocol
•    host - Check IP of Domain
•    netstat - Display Routing Table
•    route - Set Routes
•    telnet - Connect to telnet
•    traceroute - Display Route

Commands For Managing Drive and Formats`

•  mount - Mount a Drive
•  umount - Unmount Drive
•  fdisk - Format Disk
•  dd - Dupliate Disk
•  df - Disk Free Space

Commands For Firewall

•     ufw enable – turn on the firewall
•     ufw disable – turn off the firewall
•     ufw default allow – allow all connections by default
•     ufw default deny – drop all connections by default
•     ufw status – current rules and
•     ufw allow port – to allow traffic on port
•     ufw deny port – port block
•     ufw deny from ip – ip block

Command System

•     lsb_release -a – get the version of Ubuntu
•     uname -r – get kernel version
•     uname -a – get all the information kernel

Commands For Package Manager

•     apt-get update – refresh updates available
•     apt-get upgrade – update all packages
•     apt-get dist-upgrade – version update
•     apt-get install pkg – installing pkg
•     apt-get remove pkg – uninstall pkg
•     apt-get autoremove – removing packages obsotletos
•     apt-get -f install – try to fix packages
•     dpkg –configure -a – try to fix a broken package
•     dpkg -i pkg.deb – install file pkg.deb

Applications Commands

•     nautilus – File Manager (GNOME)
•     gedit – text editor (GNOME)

To install Application in Ubuntu:

• sudo apt-get install [program name]

For example: sudo apt-get install vlc to install vlc player.

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